DANIEL B. ROSENBAUM
County governments occupy an awkward dual position in the sub-federal system. They are both local governments (democratic bodies, akin to cities and towns) and state agents (administrative units of state government, akin to departments and agencies). Neither role seems to suit counties particularly well. When acting as local democratic bodies, counties are constrained by state law and severely under-resourced, especially in contrast with municipal governments in their midst. As administrative agents of the state, moreover, counties are saddled with a cascade of responsibilities that the state has delegated to the regional level, duties they must perform without the same support afforded prototypal state agencies. A county’s dissimilar roles thus share one unifying theme. On paper, as the slim legal literature on county governments has observed, counties are passive, static, and relatively powerless actors in both their local and state manifestations. Continue reading